Drink-at-Home, Inc Essay

CASE 2: DRINK-AT-HOME, INC. Drink-At-Home, Inc. (DAH, Inc. ), develops, processes, and markets mixes to be used in nonalcoholic cocktails and mixed drinks for home consumption. Mrs. Lee, who is in charge of research and development at DAH, Inc. , this morning notified Mr. Dick Jones, the president, that exciting developments in the research and development section indicate that a new beverage, an instant pina colada, should be possible because of a new way to process and preserve coconut. Mrs. Lee is recommending a major program to develop the pina colada. She estimates that expenditure on the development may be as much as $100,000 and that as much as a year’s work may be required. In the discussion with Mr. Jones, she indicated that she thought the possibility of her outstanding people successfully developing such a drink now that she’d done all the really important work was in the neighborhood of 90 percent. She also felt that the likelihood of a competing company developing a similar product in 12 months was 80 percent. Mr. Jones is strictly a bottom line guy and is concerned about the sales volume of such a beverage. Consequently, Mr. Jones talked to Mr. Besnette, his market research manager, whose specialty is new product evaluation, and was advised that a market existed for an instant pina colada, but was some-what dependent on acceptance by both grocery stores and retail liquor stores. Mr. Besnette also indicated that the sales reports indicate that other firms are considering a line of tropical drinks. If other firms should develop a competing beverage the market would, of course, be split among them. Mr. Jones pressed Mr. Besnette to make future sales estimates for various possibilities and to indicate the present (discounted value of future profits) value. Mr. Besnette provided Table 1. Mr. Besnette’s figures did not include (1) cost of research and development, (2) cost of new production equipment, or (3) cost of introducing the pina colada. The cost of the new production equipment is expected to be $ 100,000 because of the special way the coconut needs to be handled, and the cost of introducing the new product is expected to be about $150,000 because of the point-of purchase displays that would be necessary to introduce the new product. Mrs. Lee has indicated that she does have alternative development proposals, which are: 1. A reduced research program to see someone else comes out with the product first and if not, then proceed with a crash program. The reduced program for the first eight months would cost $10,000 per month. One advantage of this is that if the effort was unsuccessful, then development costs would be held to the eight-month figure (8 months ? $ 10,000 = $80,000). The likelihood of success under this approach is the same as the more orderly development. (The likelihood of a competing company developing a product in 8 months is 60 percent.) The crash development program would take place in months 9 through 12 and would cost an additional $60,000. It would proceed only if the eight-month study guaranteed a success. 2. Use a reduced research program and maintain an awareness of industry developments to see if someone else develops a product. If someone else has developed a product at the end of six months, it would cost only an additional $30,000 to analyze their product and duplicate it. The reduced development program would cost $10,000 per month. Mr. Besnette, being the great marketer that he is, is of course reluctant to be second on the market with a new product. He says that the first product on the market will usually obtain a greater share of the market, and it will be difficult to win those customers back. Consequently, he indicates that only about 50 percent of the sales that he indicated in Table 1 could be expected if Drink-at-Home waited until competing brands were already on the market. Moreover, he suspects that there is only a 50/50 chance that the competitor will be out with a product within the next six months. There are four options: (1) orderly development of the pina colada, (2) modest development effort followed by the crash program, (3) a modest development effort for the first six months to see if a competitive product comes on the market, and (4) do nothing. TABLE 1. Sales and Profit Potentials Consumer Acceptance Substantial Moderate Low (Sales Potential) Probability Present Values 0. 10 0. 60 0. 30 (Discounted Value of Future Profits) $800,000 $600,000 $500,000 What would you recommend? Show all supporting solutions/computations. Source: http://wps. pearsoned. co. uk/ema_ge_render_qam_11/202/51952/13299854. cw/content/index. html.

A Dolls House

You have, perhaps, never heard a discussion or symposium on the subject, â€Å"Men-their role in the society. The discussion is always about women. Men have, perhaps, no role!Men can as well do, some of the jobs normally done by women. Even today, the best chefs are men! The never-ending talk to give equal rights to women has been going on since time immemorial. But all the Acts of Parliaments all over the world will not bring equality to the female gender.he change has to be achieved within-both men and women! How can equal rights to women be given? God has created her, given her the status of more-equal. Nobody can take that right away.It is the mother, who gives protection during the initial nine months to the divine creative force of the future-male or female! A female child is victimized at every step of life, from the moment of birth, and she sacrifices at every stage.   Women need to be the legal and spiritual equals of men!The three Act play by Henrik Ibsen is dominated by the main character Nora. The Doll’s House is symbolic—how Nora has been living within the specified rules applicable to housewife-submission, submission and more submission to the wishes of her husband! Before marriage, she submitted to her parents (mostly to the wishes of her father); now the place of submission is changed, but the procedure of male-dominance is the same-God bless her!With no scope to develop her own personality she is obliged to live under the ‘protective’ umbrella of her husband but not for long! Nora turns to be a dynamic rebel, gives up the structure that is considered sacred by the society and seeks the path of total transformation and rehabilitation of her own personality. What is marriage?Two distinct individuals, two separate personalities, born, bred and brought up in two different set of circumstance, try to come together from the day of marriage( if not courting earlier!) to find a common identity, a common goal and to be prec ise a common all! But soon the affected one finds out that idealism and the reality are poles apart!Why the scale of social justice tilts heavily against the womenfolk and their individual liberties are at a discount? Why one finds Nora in every family in one form or the other even during the 21st century? How long need the woman contain her suppressed emotions and move forward   to establish her own identity?It is the same old story through the Ages—it is between Him and Her! The family is run as per the dictates of Torvald, though his commands are honey-tongued. An attitude of ‘I know everything’ and ‘you know nothing’ is evident in his relationship with Nora.The sweet nothings he addresses to his wife like, â€Å"Is my little lark twittering there?†(Ibsen, 2007, p. 6) â€Å"Is it my little squirrel bustling about?†(p. 6) â€Å"Has my little spendthrift been wasting money again?†(p. 6) â€Å"You extravagant little personâ₠¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p.8) â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet-Tooth been breaking rules in town today?†(p.10) are all indicators of his superiority complex. And Torvald very clearly issues his edict as for planning the family budget. He says, â€Å"That is like a woman! But seriously, Nora you know what I think about that. No debt, no borrowing.There can be no freedom or beauty about a home life that depends on borrowing and debt. We two have kept bravely on the straight road so far, and we will go on the same way for the short time longer that there need be any struggle.† (p.7) Ibsen has tackled several themes, mixed them very well, like a woman’s illusion in marriage, wealth, feminism, betrayal, etc.How A Doll’s House has been created within the house, how the woman functions inside the demarcated boundaries—such issues are dealt with intelligently. In the later part of the play Nora walks away from her family. Her undoing and the reason for falling from the à ¢â‚¬Ëœgrace’ of her husband is– she forged a bank note to save her husband’s life when no one else could. How she is compelled to tell a series of lies, and it looks as though such behavior is part of her personality. She does not feel guilty about it but for Torvald it is a major and fundamental issue.â€Å"It is better to have the world united than the world divided; but it is better to have the world divided than the world destroyed,† said Mr. Winston Churchill at the time of II World War. Similarly instead of destroying the family and the psyche of children, by endless misunderstandings, honorable separation is better!Amin Maalouf in his book, â€Å"Leo the African†, describes a poignant situation of the woman in the medieval society   thus: â€Å"Gaudy Sarah   came to see me†¦to sell amulets, bracelets, perfumes made from lemon, ambergris, jasmine and water lilies, and to tell fortunes†¦.without lifting her eyes, she said these words, which I remember to this day.‘For us, the women of Granada, freedom is a deceitful form of bondage, and slavery a subtle from of freedom. Then saying no more, she took out a tiny greenish stopper bottle from her wicker basket.‘Tonight, you must pour three drops of this elixir in to a glass of orgeat syrup, and offer it to your husband with your own hand. He will come to you like a butterfly towards the light. Do it again after three nights, and again after seven.†(Maalouf, 1994, p.6) For the sake of getting the attention of her husband, what abnormal steps the woman is compelled to take!Conclusion:Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen was born in 1828. The play was written in 1879. It was performed in London in 1889.Nearly thirteen decades after the play is written, the issues touched upon and discussed in the play are like the counseling sessions for the female gender, in today’s materialistic civilization, highly impacted by the industrial and internet revolutions.Women have taken great strides and have already caught up with men in several important areas. This need not be construed as the race between the male and female genders—rather it is the reality! Equality is the birthright of one and all.

Pursa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pursa - Essay Example What can explain this drop in voter interest? It just might be that the educated masses of this country, among them the large middle class, are just tired of seeing new faces but no change in policy. Hence they decide that it does not make a difference, and it is better just not to vote. It matters not whether the elected Presidents are Republican or Democrat, they continue making the same noises and go through the same motions, when the truth is that the only needs that are being served are those of the capitalists and the corporations they own. Among the many critiques of democracy as a system of Government are that it just counts the number of votes, and does not weigh them. Thus the vote of a poor illiterate farmer would be equal in importance to that of a college educated graduate (Dahl, 1989, 12). Secondly, the corporations and the capitalists have so ruined the transparency of the system that it does not matter who gets elected to the Presidency, the funding of both participan ts ensures that the interests of the big corporations and their owners are kept uppermost. For all his rhetoric about change, President Obama has not managed to get us out of the financial crisis that has enveloped America due to the sub-prime mortgage fiasco and risk exposures that resulted in the collapse of Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and others. Despite the bailout packages that rescued some banking institutions and the automobile industry in Detroit, the major loss was still to the American public who lost their homes, cars and jobs in an economic downturn that still persists. Unemployment is still at 9 percent in some States and public confidence at an all time low. The real problem lies in the system itself. If bankers can go on robbing the public through first making loans to clients with high default risks, pocketing fees and commissions in the

The World Trade Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The World Trade Organization - Essay Example There were a number of complains from the developing countries concerning their obligation under the last trade round and their difficulties with WTO in regard to its bargaining structure. These countries were concerned about Uruguay Round’s single undertaking, arguing that this could have acted as wheedle of reluctant countries into the consensus (WTO NEWS, 1998). This led to a split between large developed nations particularly the U.S and Europe and the large developing nations particularly India and china (Levy, 2010). This was also noted to have influenced other 153 members of the WTO in deciding which side to favor. The greatest success of the WTO process was when there was consensus at the WTO’s ministerial conference in Singapore on labor standards. Although either side had held very strong positions, later, there was a clear and strong consensus. The members were committed to adhere to labor standards. The best of it was that it was internationally agreed and that such standards should not question the comparative advantage of countries. This is an indication that WTO has been successful in multilateral approaches in social fields. WTO can be argued to be an efficient and effective system global trade. WTO has so far been able to enhance the value and quality of trade (Hoekman, et al. 2009). This should be the primary purpose of such a body. WTO has also eradicated trade and non trade barriers, broadened the trade governance scope, among many other achievements. Therefore, although some challenges comes in the process of making international trade efficient and effective, it is evident that if member states commit themselves to harmoniously work together, WTO can be a vehicle to ride on. WTO NEWS, 1998 press releases. â€Å"The Coming Challenge: Global Sustainable Development for the 21st Century†. Retrieved on 18th July 2012 from:

A Letter to Dean Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Letter to Dean - Personal Statement Example This disoriented me making me to lose track of my studies. Time flew and before I knew it, examinations approached before I was adequately prepared. I am sure that this unpreparedness played a big role in my poor performance and I regret having misplaced my priorities by having secondary interests. Lack of enough credits partly translated into my GPA falling short of 2.0. The other reason why my GPA fell below 2.0 was that I failed to consult with my professors about my failing grades. I shied away from asking my professors for guidance because I was afraid that they might not listen to me. I regret that I relied on the stories I had form my friends that some professors are unfriendly and today I am positive that had I talked to them, I would have saved my failing grades. I also attribute my poor performance to my failure to consult with my academic advisor because I contacted him when it was a bit too late. I mismanaged my time by prioritizing things that were not helpful to my studies and the company I kept did not make it any better. This flawed prioritization made me to spend very little time in the library and to get to class late. Somehow, I was not aware of how much I had lost track of my studies even when the indicators were so obvious. However, this one year of suspension from college has taught me important lessons that will help me improve when you reinstate me. I have learnt to take responsibility for my mistakes and this is what has given me confidence to write to you appealing to be reinstated. I approached my academic advisor and he advised me to take more credits from other schools in order to help raise my credits and GPA. Acting on this advice, I enrolled into Westwood College where I earned twelve credits. It was disheartening to learn, later, from my advisor that these credits could not be counted. The difficulty that I have encountered looking for a school has taught me how wrong I was taking for granted the chance to

Case of United States vs. Microsoft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case of United States vs. Microsoft - Essay Example The second defense presented by Microsoft was that it was just competing hard against Netscape, and that such competition was welfare-enhancing, and that it did not commit any anti-competitive acts. The third defense given by Microsoft was that it did not have monopoly power in the operating systems market. The fourth defense presented by Microsoft was that competition in the software sector was intense and that its leadership position could be replaced at any time by a new competitor or entrant. Microsoft further argued in its fifth defense, that it is a leader in software innovation and as such intensified and not restrained the innovation process. Lastly, Microsoft reasoned that consumers have benefited from its low pricing of the operating system, the zero pricing of its Internet browser and from its enhancement and acceleration of the innovation process, rather than been harmed by them. Microsoft also argued that consumers benefit from the de facto standardization that its large market share brought to the operating systems market (Economides, 2011). Moreover, Microsoft contended that an anti-trust action against them will dampen incentives for competition and slowdown software innovation. On April 3, 2000, in a two-part decision, Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson ruled in Washington, D.C. that Microsoft's dominance of the personal computer operating systems market constituted a monopoly, and that it used its power against competitors in ways that stifled innovation and harmed consumers. Judge Jackson ordered the breakup of Microsoft into two separate units, one to produce the operating system, and one to produce other software components. This ruling however was overturned by the Court of Appeals on June 28, 2001, acting on the appeal of Microsoft. I think that the DOJ, perceived Microsoft as a bully who would eat their competitors or anybody for that matter, who will be a threat to their market leadership. Microsoft was viewed as a company who would halt inn ovations if it threatened its Windows monopoly. I view the DOJ’s accusations as trying to control the market process and at the same time belittling the ability of the market to correct itself. In my view, the antitrust case against Microsoft is an attempt by the government to control the industry which might eventually have an adverse effect on future technological advancements in the field. I do not think that it is fair for the DOJ to dictate or interfere what should go to the Windows operating system. Microsoft has every right to offer the web browser for free if it does so to gain dominance in the market and government cannot take that away from them. It is clearly a marketing move on their part. From the defense presented by Microsoft, I can see that the point they are driving at is that they are not a monopoly but rather a market leader. Their claim that their

Graduate reflection paper 1a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Graduate reflection paper 1a - Essay Example In this way, they can enhance their own learning as well as enhance the development of their students. Different environments also help teachers learn about the needs of the adult learner and how they learn best. Another area that is important to understand is that of assessment, evaluation and the adaptation of materials for adult learners. Sometimes a teacher may run across some pertinent material in preparing for a class, that one wants to incorporate into the class. Sometimes the material can be adapted "as is," but most of the time, it must be adapted to fit the needs of the students and the teacher. The teacher must have developed the skills to easily integrate the information in order to be most effective. When students enter any type of training or educational pursuit, they bring with them a wealth of professional and personal experience. Some students are used to being in educational environments while others are the first from their families to enter college. There are many learning theories that assist in learning about teaching styles. Beginning theorists like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov through their behaviorism gave an understanding of how to help adult learners learn when they are struggling. As an example, many students may struggle with a concept at work that needs to be done efficiently. Using the behavior theories, this concept can be broken down into smaller parts. This is one way that a lesson could be adapted for more than one type of learner. The cognitive theories are important to teaching and learning because they rely on an individuals internal stimuli to measure performance. For the adult learner who is attempting to move forward with their lives, the concepts of motivation, self-direction, decision making, problem solving, and learning to think in positive frameworks, are very important. These theories encourage teachers to understand how students learn. A central group of

Public Opinion on Homosexuality and Marriage Essay

Public Opinion on Homosexuality and Marriage - Essay Example The crux of the homosexual debate revolves around the definition of marriage. The Federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) defines â€Å"marriage as a legal union between one man and one woman for purposes of all federal laws, and provides that states need not recognize a marriage from another state if it is between persons of the same sex† (Chabot, p.8). In other words, marriage is restricted to a union between one man and one woman and same-sex marriage, even if it is recognized by one state is not recognized by the federal government and therefore federal benefits are denied to homosexuals. This Act has opened a can of worms. Those who support homosexual marriages argue on the basis of civil and religious freedom, financial viability and the principle of love. One writer argues that â€Å"the First Amendment of the Constitution clearly states that a person's religious views or lack thereof must be protected. Marriage by the state is a secular activity; the government cannot start making laws just because a religion says they should† (Messerli, 22 May 2009, p.1). In other words, one religious view should not dictate the view or lifestyle of another. Same-sex marriage is a matter of choice and the state has no right to deny homosexuals of this choice. Another argument states that â€Å"The right to marry the person that you love, have made a commitment to, and wish to live with for the rest of your life is a foundational human right† (Robinson, p.3). He also went on to quote a pamphlet by the National Gay and Lesbian Task which states that, "If legally marri ed, gay, lesbian and bisexual couples would have a greater ability to care for and protect their families.† The financial benefits the pamphlet named included joint tax returns, joint insurance policies for home, auto and health, automatic inheritance on death, secure workplace and other benefits such as annuities, pension plans, Medicare, etc.   

Cycladic Art of Ancient Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cycladic Art of Ancient Greece - Essay Example The visitors viewing the Cycladic art of archaic Greece are amazed by the simplicity of the images and abstraction features that motivate the art industry in the 20th century. The museum receives various kinds of people visiting the place to see the sculptures that inspire the modern art by their structures (Miller et al, 128). Both the young and the old persons from different continents have visited the museum in search of the Cycladic Art. Some of the personalities that established the museum; hence, making its constructions possible are Nicholas and Dolly in 1960s. The two individuals used to collect Cycladic figurines for a long time until they had a large collection. The collections were then distributed to different museums across the world. This factor caused the town to come up with a museum to keep Cycladic figurines safely and preserve them to prevent their extinctions (Miller et al, 128). It is estimated that 3000 artifacts of Cycladic have been discovered and are preserve d in the museum for display. The Greek name for Cyclades is Kyklades referring to a circle that is formed by innumerable islands that are approximated to be 200, and located around the significant Island known as Delos. The area consisting of the small Cycladic islands in the Aegean became a place in which culture was exceptionally esteemed and practiced by the residents living in the area along time ago (Gardner & Fred, 68). The island had innumerable mining grounds that consisted of white marble, which encouraged and led the residents to practice modeling sculptures. Consequently, the core culture practiced in the area was the culture of stone-cutting. The most inimitable creation of the... The Cycladic arts of ancient Greece assist in understanding the historical and civilizing ways of life of a person. They are exceptionally popular across the world resulting to the construction of a museum in Athens, Greece that protects and preserves the artifacts. Cycladic art of ancient Greece is traced from 3300 to 2000 BCE and refers to the visual arts that existed in Cycladic civilization. Aegean Art comprises of 3 core branches, one of the branches being Cycladic art. The name ‘Cycladic art’ is derived from the Cyclades islands in which innumerable figures were found during the expeditions of the archeologists. The image of the figures amazed certain artists such as Picasso who was amazed on the classical and maturity of Greeks inhabitants’ art had at the time. Their stubby shapes make them appear tiny images, and perceived as clay-sculpted. The art is related to Minoans and Mycenaean, the 2 groups comprising the Aegean culture. Art is a significant aspect that explains mysteries and civilizations of man throughout the early days, since it depicts the state of things in the earlier society. In this unit, significance and general information on Cycladic art of ancient Greece is discussed aptly. The core facts learnt about the artifacts is that they were treasured and exceptionally esteemed by the inhabitants living at the period. Consequently, the researcher recommends and advises the Greek government to protect the artifacts since they play a prominent role in describing the cultural activities of the people.

Community Health Nursing - Clinical Intervention Paper Assignment

Community Health Nursing - Clinical Intervention Paper - Assignment Example The Westchester Arc understands that some families who have a child with intellectual disabilities have difficulties in coping with the unique behavioral problems of their children with special needs. Medicaid Service Coordination helps individuals and their families who are eligible for Medicaid, to coordinate a wide range of services. These include access to government services and advocacy for services, including medical assessments and appointment, training and professional development, educational, recreational resources and housing. According to the US Census 2010, the Katonah city had a total population of 1,679 people compared to 10,739 residents of Katonah code 10536 in 2010 (Martin & Thompson, 2011). In CDP Katonah, there were 1,679 people, 589 households, and 445 families. The population density is 2,398.6 per square mile (883.7 / km2). There were 619 housing units at an average density of 884.3 ml / sq (325.8 / km2). The city has 87.1% White, 2.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 5.4% some other race, and 2.2% Hispanic (Kennedy, 2009). There were 589 households out of which 46.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.4% were married couples led by, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.4% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.1% had an elderly dependent. The approximate household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.24. In the CDP the masses were spread out with 29.5% under the age of 18, 5.1% fro m 18 to 24, 24.1% 25-44, 31.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% spread, the 65 years of age or were older. For the period 2007-11, the estimated average annual income for a household in the city was $ 86.296, and the median income for a family was $ 86.923. Full-time male workers had a median income of $ 54,250 USD 64 674 against women. About 7.7% of

Course Study Calcuttas metro Essay Example for Free

Course Study Calcuttas metro Essay The first main concern for the construction of the project is the funds. So as the mayor of Calcutta my first step is to get the funds required to start up this project. These funds would be acquired from various sources like donations, taxes, and loans. Once the funds are acquired, the next step would be to look into the plan of the project. I would take the opinion of a few well-known engineers before an actual plan is taken up. I would make it a point to see to it that the various pros and cons of different plans are taken into consideration before starting the project. Then I would select that project which would give us the maximum benefits within the obtainable budget and least disturbances to the normal life in the city. I would consider the efficient labor to carry on the work of this project. I would play close attention and make sure that all the basic facilities that are required by the citizens would not be disturbed due to the commencement of this project. Every possible option would be exhausted to make sure that the project would not cause any kind of inconvenience to the normal life of the citizens. In my opinion there is no such thing as bad luck and nothing happens by chance. Everything is planned and has a definite purpose. It is only our hard work that will make us or break us. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration a 360 degree view of any problem before we solve it. If the situation is looked upon from only one angle, then all the disadvantages of the remaining angles will occur. Although it may be a little time consuming and painful in the beginning, it is important to know that the hard work pays it all. Had the mayor seen the consequences of starting this project from various points of view. I believe this situation would not have been escal ated at all.

Choices Essay Example for Free

Choices Essay The lives of people have always been filled numerous dilemmas. The choices that we make sometime in our lives could either make or break an individual. As a child, I have always dreamt of making it big in the world that I live in. In order to fulfill my dreams, I decided to pursue a Masters Degree in Education from the Cambridge College. Being given such opportunity would allow me to hone my craft and share my knowledge with others. From the many experiences that I have encountered in my life, being given the chance to live my life for the second time around was the most important. Unknown to many, I am a cancer survivor. I was diagnosed with the said disease at the age of eighteen. Regardless of such trials, my determination to succeed in life was never tarnished. I wanted to prove something to myself that I had what it takes to be someone in society regardless of all the impediments that came my way. Learning is an essential part of my growth, both as an individual and as a professional. In order to be successful, I have to personify the different techniques taught in school. Furthermore, I may also incorporate my personal thoughts and experiences in trying to make things work. Such actions would not only focus on the theoretical aspects of learning, but also in the application process. Then I could definitely say that I am able fully comprehend everything that have been inculcated in me by the school and my personal experiences. Aside from acquiring a Master’s Degree, I still have numerous goals in mind. I want to experience working with young minority men, especially those who were in middle school. This was in support of my desire to work within the public school system. I wanted to be of assistance to students, especially those who were of low social and economic statuses. This drive may also be attributed to the fact that studies have been conducted showing that young black male students normally lose interest in going to school when they reach the sixth grade. Thus, the percentage of children dropping out from school increases each year. Furthermore, I have made advanced researches stating that the students of Richmond County are giving the teachers difficulty in keeping them in school. Motivation amongst teachers to the students was relatively difficult, for barriers have already been by the students. The situation is alarming for both the state and the educational system that the schools offer. This then leads to the difficulty of students in trying to overcome the challenges that come their way. They are emotionally battered, and are in search of people whom they can cling to, such as guidance counselors. Although difficult, I would like to be part of the lives of these children. Equipped with the necessary knowledge and training, I may impart to these students pertinent information that may inspire them to become successful in their lives. I hope that my little words of wisdom would also serve as tools that would help them survive their lifetime. I believe that I have what it takes to be accepted in your institution. My experiences were focused on the relationship of people with each other. The counseling experiences I had were very helpful, for I witnessed how it was to deal with pregnant teenagers. This stage of their lives was a very crucial one, for several ideas and emotions are heightened. Sometimes, they would pity themselves for what happened, or worse, attempt suicide. I may be able to utilize my social counseling experiences and adopt them to some of the techniques I can use in counseling students in the educational field. This may sound easy, but it would also entail hard work and determination from my end. My dreams do not end after acquiring my degree from your institution. I would utilize my degree in working within the school system in order to facilitate an outreach program for both the students and the parents. The school districts within our area are also in the initial stage of discussing the requirements deemed by the students, as mentioned earlier. School counselors would be required by the Superintendent for each school, and this would come to my advantage for I may have my degree by that time. Furthermore, I also intend to teach college level courses. Learning is a continuous process that also helps people to improve their craft. Having a Master’s Degree would not hinder me from moving forward. One of my goals is to obtain a Doctoral Degree in Counseling. The degree would be beneficial in my growth as a counselor, for my scope of knowledge would be enhanced further. In addition to this, the courses offered would allow me to learn new approaches that I may use towards students. Although my quest for knowledge is unstoppable, I believe that there are certain things that I should still care about. I am like any other applicant; the only difference seen was the fact that I am more inclined in fulfilling my goals in life. Working and being exposed to different kinds of people help me to decipher the different approaches that should be used on people. The knowledge acquired from the institution would come as an advantage, for the personalities of people have been studied and researched by people who specialize in the said field. I, too, am guilty of wanting to improve each action made, especially when it comes to counseling students. I know that being accepted in your institution requires a big deal of commitment from the students. The training would be demanding and challenging, yet ultimately rewarding. The little mistakes that are often committed would be given much importance, and improvements would definitely be visible. I aim to learn and grow, both as an individual and as a professional. I know that this institution would bring me a step closer to my dreams and aspirations. The choice I made was evident – your institution would help me be the best individual that I can be.

Lifespan Development Early ChildhoodÂÂ

Lifespan Development Early Childhood   Lifespan development entails various elements such as change, and movement from one life stage to the other. Trying to understand early childhood development using life span approach has many positive implications to early childhood professionals since it will help them in playing an important role in helping children and their families develop sound social policies. Lifespan development results to life transitions and can be associated with various skills such as fine motor skills, overregulaization, centration and private speech among others. Some of the lifespan developments are permanent while others only last for a while. Lifespan development is used to describe growth progression through several stages. Development is used to measure the level of maturity. To illustrate this I chose a 3 year old girl. This little girl is a pupil of a daycare center. I got to know the girl because my daughter works in that institution. The girls mother works in the same institution and this was one of the reasons I considered using the girl in my case study since her mother would help me in giving answers for questions I needed in order to identify certain special skills. In order to understand early childhood development skills interviews concerning various observations and interactions both physical and social were used in order to determine which skills the child had. The main objective of conducting this project was to identify various skills and changes that are associated with three year old child. The girl I used represented a sample of three year old children. Three years in childhood development is a transition period and its during this age that a child is able to start learning about himself and the surrounding world. As a result this stage is considered a preoperational stage since the child learns a lot in this age. According to Piagets theory, its during this stage that children develop private speech and show animated thinking since they can not manipulate information mentally (Goetz Allen, 1986). Most of the developmental skills such as child rearing styles, gender identity and centration are acquired at this age. The family has been keen in helping this girl develop at this age. Usually her mother who is also the teacher for the daycare center has developed a consistent schedule since at this age its important to train the girl on rituals that are associated with this preoperational stage. By doing this project I wanted to determine the level of maturity and skills of the three year old girl. To determine the maturity level I used various action and skills that are associated with children aged 3 years. Physical development refers to changes and improvements in physical parts. Some of the attributes that are used to describe physical development include control, movement, coordination and manipulation. For a child of three years, these improvement attributes are easily scored by analysis the performance of the child. For girl used in this project showed various physical developments. The girl was able to hop on one foot one of the coordination physical development associated with three year old child. In addition, the girls walking coordination is good hence she was able to walk in a line. This girl like other children of three years was able to walk on toes. The girl also was able to wash her hands, brush teeth and retrieve own drink. The girl also enjoyed helping in household chores as well as she is able to put on shoes. These are some of the physical developments that are expected for a three year old child. These activities define the over regularization skills that are associated with three year old child development. The child at this age tries to learn almost all aspects of life. In addition other physical development skills that this girl showed was that she does not wet her bed occasionally as children of her age are expected to. The girl has also ready learned how to use toilet. When got doing something wrong, the girl feels shamed and has already learned to differentiate between similarities and differences. The girl also showed she has gender identity skills by being able to differentiate parents gender. In addition, the girl showed the following motor physical development. She was able to walk with a swift this showed that she had better walking coordination as the walking was almost adult style. The girl was also able to run around obstacles and to catch balls throw overhead thou inconsistently. Her in ability to catch the ball consistently showed that the girl centration skills were not fully developed. The girl who was interviewed and observed during this project could ride tricycle and was able to alternate feet when climbing stairs. Hence the child demonstrated fine/ gross motor skills (Esther, 2010). Fine motor skills are used to determine development requiring smaller movements and interactive capabilities such as movements that require use of hands, and legs. Demonstrating fine motor skills shows that the child is able to use both her hands and legs properly. Gross motor skills on other hand are used to show a childs ability to move various body parts as expected at that age. The girls ability to solve puzzles and manipulate clay and figure paints clearly demonstrates her development of fine motor skills. Another aspect that was used to determine the physical development of the child is through studying her language and thinking development. The girl showed to have developed some of these skills since she was able to understand some concepts such as concerning now, later and soon. In addition, the girl was able to match pictures with objects and to recognize cause and affect relationship. Developing of puzzles of 5-6 years child is an appropriate behavior for 3 years age and can be used to indicate fast development phenomenon. Cognitive development refers to ability of a child to learn and solve problems. For 3 year old kid, cognitive development enable the child to learn how to draw some images, build blocks with the intention of making specific structures such as trains, towers or buildings. In addition a three year old child enjoys showing what they already know. The child also likes seeking attention and making comments especially on stories touching family events. Another cognitive development for three year old child is that they are able to construct a sentence of three or four words and also are able to pluralize items, produce verbs and also to negate ideas by using no, and not. This cognitive development noted showed that the girl had already developed private speech skills. Private speech skills enable the child to pass information as per their understanding and require one to have the ability to negate ideas, to differentiate ideas that are in plural among others. Private speech enables individuals as they develop to correctly pass their information. The girl who was used for this project has most of the attributes associated with cognitive development for three year old child. The girl enjoys following directions and orders skills which are also associated with pre operation stage. In addition the girl speech is understandable and is able to construct 3-5 words sentence. The girl is also able to match pictures to objects. Like other children of her age are expected to the child learns by doing and through sense rather than being told concerning something in order to understand. From the project it was noted that the child is in preoperational stage and has developed her initiative Vs guilt aspect. The initiative V guilt aspect was demonstrated by the girls ability to feel guilt when found on the wrong (Esther, 1986). This can by illustrated by her cognitive development of being able to follow orders and to try to learn things by doing them. All the cognitive development behavior that was observed in this girl rhyme with those ex pected for children of her age. Social and emotional development Some of the skills that are associated with this social and emotional development of children aged 3 include gender identification, centration and sociodramatic play. Some of the skills that can be used to show centration include liking to help in household chores and being more bossy hence making demands and orders to their parents and care givers. The girl used in the project showed this skill since she at her own will enjoys helping but also her own will chooses not to obey and orders her will to be done. This shows that her social and emotional development is self centered; its her own will that determines if she can help or share or not. In addition, the girl demonstrated sociodramatic play by her skills that enables her play pretty well with other children thou it was also observed that she prefers playing alone implying that this social emotional development has not fully developed. The following social and emotional development skills were also noted about the girl, child rearing skills which are mostly employed by children when they notice other people feelings and moods. When her mother is sad or angry the child tries employing these social and motional development skills by trying to be too sweet (MamaHealth.com, 2009). The child rearing skills are developed by child to show her concern for other people just the same way she expects to be shown concern. It was also noted that the girl expresses some animistic thinking social and emotional skills since she does not like sharing especially when instructed unless on her own will. Other social and emotional skills that the girl shows which are associated with her age is the ability to realize her own limits and hence seeking help for what she can not achieve on her own. Conclusion Early child hood development entails the acquisition of various skills. Its the skills that a child acquires that can be use to determine if the childs development is regular or not. Unlike other forms of growth, development milestones can be identified at the first glance. There are several separate development areas which should be analyzed when analyzing life span development. These separate development areas were in this project analyzed and used to identify certain special skills associated with them. The development analysis not only identifies certain developments but also is used to detriment the stage and how the development ahs occurred. For instead when determining physical development of the girl, the research did not just observe if the girl is able to walk bit also tried to probe further and identify how she walks, if she has steady pace and if she is able to put one foot in front of the other. Its through analyzing these developments that one is able to determine the development skills that a child at a given age has already achieved and which ones they have not. It was noted that the girl showed gross/fine motor skills development and this was determined by the research observing the girls general ability which are associated with 3 year old development. In addition, by identifying the activities that the girl is able to do with her hands such as manipulating clay it was concluded that the girls physical development was rhyming with that of three year old child. The girls cognitive and social and emotional development also rhymes with that of three year old children. These were determined by the observation of various skills such as private speech development, identification of some child rearing styles associated with this particular age and demonstration of sociodramatic play which are also reflected in various development theories such as Piagets cognitive development theory. The family especially her mother has played an important role in fostering the girls development. The mother has developed a schedule on the activities to be done and this can be attributed to the girls ability to do things even beyond her age such as solving puzzles for 5-6 year children. In addition, the familys effort to train the girl to use potty at 1 and half years also can be attributed to the girls successful lifespan development.

Grandparents House Essay -- Descriptive Writing Examples

Grandparents' House The car ride to my grandparents' house seemed to take half a day even though it was only a twenty-minute drive to Cedaredge. Although the back road over Redlands Mesa was a twisty tourney road, it drug on like a boring documentary. When the car finally pulled into the driveway of the long, white house with a neatly kept green lawn, I knew it was going to be a great day of fun, relaxation, and great food. As I walked around to the back door, my eyes took in the beauty of the grass swaying in the wind and the weathered barn off to the left of the pasture. Inside the barn I could see all sorts of different odds and ends hanging from the walls. When I opened the door to my grandparent's old house, a sweet, sensational smell of cooking food filled my nostrils and made my empty stomach growl. The aroma in the air was always a tease to my stomach and made me think my stomach was starting to eat away at itself. The normal activity of everyday life sends my family in a hundred different directions. My mom and dad both go to work, and my sisters and I go to school. After school, there are practices that all of us kids attend, and when we get home, we eat, do homework and go to bed. There is no time to sit down and play a game as a family or to just hang out together and talk about how the day went. Weekends and holidays are a time that we get to go to my grandparents' house as a family and have a day of fun visiting with family that I don't get to see very often. Their old house was to the west of the small town of Cedaredge, so there was not that many houses around it. When we went to my grandparents' house, we would ride our bikes around the neighborhood. My sisters and I would race on our bikes to see who ... ...d watch. Usually we were still playing on the Nintendo when it was time to leave, so it was a struggle to get everybody to stop right away. After my whole family was piled into the car, which as my sisters and I got bigger was a harder and harder task, we would wave goodbye to my grandparents and any other relatives that had come for the day. As we would pull out of the driveway, I would think back on the day and realize that I had to go back to the hustle and bustle of my everyday life. The trip home was not as long as the way over, but I could never wait until the next time we could go back to my grandparents' house in Cedaredge, for a relaxing day of spending time with my family and forgetting about our hectic life for at least a little while. Now, with both my sisters in college, the day when we go to my grandparents' house does not seem to come often enough.

Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues - Same-Sex Marriage and the Destructio

Same-Sex Marriage and the Destruction of American Culture      Ã‚  Ã‚   The late 20th century disintegration of marriage is epoch-defining and hazardous to moral health. The question of legally recognizing same-sex marriage - thrust upon us by recent court decisions - culminates this disintegration.    There are many reasons why the ills of marriage are so pivotal. Marriage is the principle of sexual morality. Immoral sexual acts are often wrong for other reasons, too, such as the injustice of imposing oneself sexually upon another without consent. But all immoral sexual activity is wrong because it is non-marital.    Our law until recently recognized this pivotal role of marriage. As United States Supreme Court Justice John Harlan wrote in 1961, "[T]he laws regarding marriage . . . provide both when the sexual powers may be used and the legal and societal context in which children are born and brought up . . . laws forbidding adultery, fornication and homosexual practice . . . express the negative of that proposition." (Exploring)    Besides the centrality of marriage to sexual ethics, our law always knew that a social commitment to marriage entailed a wide pattern of restraint upon all, married and unmarried alike. Marriage is not only a lot of work for married couples; it is a high maintenance deal for any society that recognizes it as the unique opportunity for human flourishing that it is.    But what if a great many people come to believe that one is entitled to regular sexual satisfaction regardless of the willingness of one's spouse, if indeed there is a spouse at all? It is not necessary to imagine what this asserted right to sexual satisfaction would do to a society. We mer... ...that your new next door neighbors are an Episcopal priest and an Air Force pilot - and that both are women! Where such couples set up shop, they will become part of the neighborhood's furniture. You will be lucky to find a haven from them, and luckier still if you can somehow nevertheless convince your children of the truth about marriage.    The cultural effects of legalizing same-sex marriage will be devastating. What of that civil law debate? It seems that the vast majority of the American people oppose same sex marriage. And surely our legal tradition, including constitutional law, does not support extension of marriage to same-sex couples. But, then, there is the filtering device of liberal neutrality.    WORKS CITED: Exploring Constitutional Conflicts. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/homeiscastle.htm   

Gentoo Install Guide :: essays research papers

Gentoo Gentoo-http://www.gentoo.org/ Gentoo is a distribution that has 3 different install methods. You can just install from the CDs known as stage 3. You can install the base system from CD known as stage 2 and then custom compile the rest of the OS from scratch to bring it to stage 3. This makes the system faster and more responsive but takes some time. Last is the stage 1 install where EVERYTHING is built from scratch. This makes for an EXTREMELY customized and streamlined system. However this method can take DAYS depending on the speed of your computer. A broadband connection would be recommened for a stage 2 or 1 install. Gentoo does all this with what is called Portage. you can basically type "emerge nameofprogram" and it will download, configure and compile the software for you. This makes maintaining the system very easy. Gentoo also has a great support base and is available for the MAC platform as well. install guide Note-The following guide is EXACTLY what I did for my install and it was adapted from the official gentoo installation handbook here.-http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/index.xml 1. Download and burn the x86 minimal ISO and boot from the CD. 2. You will see a boot prompt where you can choose different kernels or view other options. We'll just hit enter since we don't need anything special. 3. You will then see a splash screen with a purple cow and the system will boot in the background. 4. When it's done you will have the standard linux command prompt. You will do everything for the install from here. No GUIs for you . 5. For this guide I will use an internet connection for everything. It is possible to install from CDs as well but including that info here would make it WAY too long. As such we need to maek sure networking is working correctly. To check use the "ifconfig" command. There should be an entry for eth0. If so run this command "dhcpcd eth0" that will request an ip address from the router. If you don't see anything with ifconfig try "ifconfig -a" if there is no ethx entry then the network card did get the correct driver loaded at boot. You will have to look up what kind of network card you have and find the appropriate module (driver) and load it using the modprobe command. I had to do this myself "modprobe pcnet32" to load the correct driver.

Why I do it

It was a freezing cold morning in Farnham. I thought to myself ‘Why am I out of bed at this time on a Saturday morning?' My question was answered merely two minutes later as I managed the trick which I have been trying for the last week, a ‘topside sunny day.' ‘Nice man, nice,' was the call from the bench as I looked over at my friend Mark who was giving me the thumbs-up as I came swiftly out of the trick. I skated over to the bench lazily and took a seat next to Sam, Mark and Henri. ‘What time is the comp tomorrow?' I asked them. ‘Nine am bright and early,' replied Sam whilst getting up to skate over to the grindbox and attempt another amazing trick. ‘I know I need practice for the competition but skating at eight o'clock on a Saturday morning in the freezing cold is a bit too much,' I moaned as I put on another jumper. ‘You wanna go street for a bit?' asked Mark as he took off his skate and started fiddling with the laces. ‘Where are we gonna go? The sixth form college is too far, we're not allowed in Lidls and Redgrave rail is still wet from that rain during the night,' I complained. As I said this I was mostly thinking of my stomach, as I hadn't any breakfast yet. ‘You fancy going to Wimpy?' ‘I'm still banned,' said Sam almost proudly as he glided back to the bench having just done a perfect ‘topsoul.' Henri was being strangely quiet and he suddenly stood up, picked up his bag and said ‘well you can wait outside then.' Mark stood up sharply ‘as long as I can get some hot food I'm not bothered where it is.' On the way to Wimpy I thought constantly of the upcoming competition that was getting ever closer. As I imagined what it would be like to have about thirty or forty people stare at me for ten minutes butterflies suddenly came to my stomach and made me feel nervous and uncomfortable. I gripped my bag a little tighter with my freezing fingers and wished I had had the sense to bring the gloves I bought the day before. As I entered Wimpy I could feel the warmth of the deep-fat fryers and hear the voices of the Turkish men who worked there. We took a seat in the smoking section and looked at the menu. ‘Man I hate being able to see pictures of the food on the menu. It just makes it look pathetic when it arrives because it never looks the same,' said Mark miserably. ‘Just decide what you want and order I'm starving,' I told him as I had already decided on a large Wimpy breakfast consisting of sausage, bacon, eggs, tomatoes, beans and toast. ‘Can you add a toasted teacake to that?' I asked the waiter as I gave my order. I wolfed down the breakfast, even though I don't like tomatoes, and lit a cigarette. ‘Is anyone else nervous about the competition tomorrow?' I asked trying to hide the fact that I still had butterflies in my stomach despite having finished my breakfast. ‘No it's not big deal just think of it as another game of IYMTA. It's only really us, Ben, Carl and James that are entering anyway so there's not a lot of competition.' As Mark said this he was lazily puffing on a cigarette and leaning back on his chair. IMYTA is a game that we play where we skate against each other. It stands for I Match Your Trick Association. It is an annual competition involving professional skaters from around the world where one person does a trick and then everyone else has to do the same trick or they are given a letter. When you have all five letters you are out of the game. We played this regularly and hearing Mark put it like that I felt more relaxed about the competition. ‘Yeah I guess,' I replied as I leant back on my chair feeling relaxed for the first time since I heard about the competition. ‘I' m off home to get some sleep, I might come out later on,' I said as I left the restaurant. I skated to the bus stop feeling good and made it just in time to catch the 9:40 bus. When I arrived home I went straight upstairs, undressed and fell into bed. I fell asleep almost instantly as I hadn't had any sleep the previous night and was still tired from school on Friday. I dreamt of the competition. It was a warm, sunny day and it had just started. I smiled as I dropped in on the big ramp to go for my first big trick. I jumped, and as I was flying through the air I grabbed my feet and pulled them behind me then released them and landed perfectly to go up the other ramp and do a perfect 540 degree spin. The crowd was cheering and the judges were going wild. I skated round the entire park and did a 900-degree spin on the biggest ramp. I was about 9 feet in the air and I leant forward too much. My front wheels hit the ramp and I landed on my face. It hurt so much. I heard an ambulance somewhere in the distance but it was distorted somehow. It sounded more and more like a phone ringing. ‘Ian. Ian wake up you have a phone call!' I woke with a start. My heart leapt. It was a dream I realized. I stood up and put on my dressing gown trying to tell myself it was just a dream and that that wouldn't happen. My stomach had butterflies again. I took the phone from my mum. ‘Hello?' I said groggily. ‘What are you still doing in bed? The competition is half an hour away!' said Mark urgently. ‘What?! It's tomorrow stop joking around,' I said as I checked my watch. 3Sun it said. Oh my God I thought. I slept right through. ‘I will be there don't worry,' I mumbled quickly and hung up. I ran upstairs, threw my clothes on and picked my bag up. I half-fell down the stairs in my haste and put my skates on. As I flew down the hill towards Farnham skatepark I had the feeling I had forgotten something important. It was as cold as the previous day but I had no time to be cold. I skated faster. I arrived at the skatepark five minutes later out of breath and threw my bag down. ‘Where have you been?' asked Sam. ‘In bed,' I answered quickly and I went straight to the biggest ramp and started warming up. I was skating quite well, I managed to spin a 540 and land but then I tried to ‘Truespin topside pornstar' and my feet missed the right spot and before I knew what happened I was lying on the floor. I got straight back up and thought to myself ‘this is not going to beat me.' I skated hard for another 15 minutes before the announcer had finished setting up his equipment and announced that the competition was about to start. It was the BMX'S category first so I had a twenty-minute break before I had to skate again. I rolled lazily over to the bench where my friends were sitting, sat down and lit a cigarette. ‘Why do they have to have a BMXers competition anyway?' asked Mark indignantly. ‘There's only five of them.' ‘Because it gives us something to laugh at,' retorted Henri. I couldn't join in their jokes and laughter. I was too busy thinking about the trick I had been working on for two weeks. A bio flip. To do it I had to do sort of a front flip but instead of going over my head and landing forwards, I had to throw myself over my right shoulder and land backwards. I had only tried it twice and never landed it. None of the others knew I had been trying it or that I even planned to attempt it. The BMX competition was cut short because of an injury and the announcer told all the rollerbladers to make their way to the ramps. I hastily threw my cigarette to the floor and skated up the ramp. As I stood at the top of the ramp I looked around at the people in the crowd. There were so many. ‘You have 15 minutes,' came the voice over the speaker. ‘Go!' I jumped into the ramp and immediately went into a four foot high ‘mute grab' over the funbox and neatly stalled on the other ramp. My heart jumped as I went back down the ramp backwards and did a 360 spin over the funbox. I was skating better than I had skated in a long time and I had a moment where my butterflies and doubts had gone and I was just confident. This was it. I dropped in on the smaller ramp and did a 180 spin over the funbox so I could go backwards into the trick. I could see a photographer in the front of the crowd aim his camera at me. I went up the ramp backwards and threw myself as hard as I could over my shoulder. For a second it was like time stood still. I had pulled my legs in so that I was like a ball in the air. I brought my legs back round so I could land near the bottom of the ramp. Suddenly it felt like I was going to spin too much and land on my knees. But somehow I managed to lean back a tiny bit and land on my feet and roll away. The crowd were shouting and the photographer was going mad. I could hear the announcer shouting ‘He's done it, he's done it.' Mark and the others had stopped skating to watch my bio flip but Mark had come over and shook my hand and said ‘nice one.' The others were standing with their mouths open as if they had never seen a bio flip before. Henri skated up to me and said ‘I never thought you would do that.' It suddenly occurred to me as the speakers told me that I had come first that this is why I do it.

How Far Libraries in Primary Schools Assist in the Education System Essay

Education every last(predicate) over the world has evolved into a much complex system of teaching regularity actings, beas of discipline to be taught, platform, tools to be feed in the mode of instruction chosen, language to be mathematical functiond in the instruction, and many to a greater extent. As educatedayss respond to these subscribe tos, a par exclusivelyel computer broadcastme to upgrade the reads of the naturalizes libraries is also necessary. Studies book sh protest that in that respect is a drive kinship mingled with depository subroutine subroutine subroutine plan subroutine subroutine program program subroutine program depository program depository library programs and levels of performance among children in the pick out takes.Thus, the advocacy in pursuing strategic plans to stop equip the libraries in indigenous civilizes is development. Libraries fork up organized into a hearty association as they canvask the avow of the governing body non only in terms of legislation solely much so on adequate keeping to rehabilitate the libraries of elemental trains. A base trail library serves as the media m tout ensemble for bookmans, strength, staff, and p bents that serve each of their purposes and concerns. For a student, the teach library is the place where he approachs info relative to take aimroom assignments and projects.It could also be the kickoff for a students engross in children books, caricature books, ridiculous books, adventure books which he usu all(prenominal)y sh ars with his fri fetch ups and classmates. For the faculty and staff, the primitive coil rail library is the source of applicable materials such as stories, poems, songs, and incorporated activities which serve to aro uptake the teaching method acting and enrich teaching modules. For pargonnts, the elementary winding shoal library serves as a refresher forum in disposition for them to perk up up with their childrens assignments and figure outs.A true(p) elemental domesticate library is a place where children argon taught how to manage exercise. in that respect is revolve about(predicate) on the enhancement of rendering clothess among children. Some first takingss system whitethorn be established to grow the discipline manipulation. thither should be a entailment of motivation in promoting student analyseing. Mean plot of ground, instructors and p argonnts atomic number 18 coached on how to swan the childs tuition how to love indication. Guidelines in ameliorate nurture promotion programs are in place. (Johnson, J. Creating fat kids who dont equal to read.Sept/Oct 1999, Vol. 18 unblock 2 p96). LITERATURE REVIEW The availability of materials in this pass on matter is non broad. However, studies exileed in this area showed more or little identical results. These findings only strengthen the dissertation of this work. Most of the materials that sens be designd in research studies on patriarchal inform libraries are on fund-raising activities in order to grow the number of books in the primary election school libraries. Only a handful could be read on the focus and rating of primary school libraries.In a documentary by Pat Miller, he discussed on how librarians female genitalia attract children to the library where evoke from among these children seems to eat up faded. The perception among children that the library is the home of venerable-fashioned and boring books should be dis-ab apply and re-aligned to the basic accuracy and tradition that children deficiencys to fail the habit of read to equip them for a better future. Moreover, she suggests librarians to make library a kid-friendly by taking cues from their electronic livesproviding library games, acquit student chat, teaching with video and audio, and do the books applicable and personal.Moreover, she recommends librarians to cater all breeding styles and to consider brokers same gender allurement in taking steps to enhance the students refer in library (Miller, Pat. Is your library kid-friendly? depository library Media Connection. Worthington, Mar 2008. Vol 26, reappearance 6 pg22). In Jesuit schools like the Ateneo de manila University, the primary school library serves as the resource center for teachers as they roam stories into the everyday lessons aimed at building at come coiffureion of the child.This is in concurrence with the schools strategy of promoting a class teacher scheme of leave knowledge. The self-contained classroom develops students with integration of subject matters using adaptation skills and fate as the thread. Storybook weaving approach is the observe in achieving a self-contained classroom strategy. In this context, the primary school library provides various and long prayer of storybooks for roughly(prenominal) the teachers and the students.The purpose of a school library according to The direct program library draw (January 2006) is to provide a wide regurgitate of multimedia resources to support teaching and learn throughout the advert stages, ad boost a nurture and acquisition cultivation that agitates independent motivated readers and learners for life. One of the master(prenominal) targetives of a primary school library is to cultivate interest for practice among children with the end of create the habit of meter meter reading among them as they grow into considerably-informed adults.ontogenesis extravagance for learning through reading is the focus of library work (Dubber, Geoff. Cultivating speciality discipline literacy skills and the primary school library. Januray 2008). The use of a rewards system in creating interest for reading among children whitethorn be a reliable incentive at the beginning. But deprive children from getting rewards for their reading habit should be done at an earlier stage. The zeal to be in the library to read books should be out of a habit and personal interest cultivated in the child through earlier pr hithertotive programs.This updated and revised Guideline, taking account of the 2007 governing literacy teaching objectives, informs the importance of embedding information literacy into a whole school, ICT and program context. It outlines and explains the shapees of research for infantile children and shows steerings that teachers and librarians discount develop and promote information literacy and related ICT skills through the primary school library and link it to classroom practice. It also includes a very useable and practical fictitious character business line of con, several(prenominal) templates, and a reading list. (Dubber, 2008).Using entropy from the archeozoic Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), a sample of more than 20,000 children who started kindergarten in glide by 1998, researchers found that many children do not give birt h bring up elements in their schools that increase their learning outcomes * 30 per centum of all children attend elementary schools that do not withdraw strong principal leading * Just over half of all children are in schools where their teachers meet unitedly regularly to plan sequenced and coordinated instruction. * 15 percent of children are in schools where teacher turnover is a problem (Peckham, Suzanne. specialised cultivate Traits linked to basal doing Scores. The Education Digest. Mar 2008. Vol 73 Issue 7 pg 76). In another(prenominal) berth of the world, like mainland China, learner-centered teaching is as a way to nurture active learners who can innovate and solve problems. instructor upbringing programs are beginning to adopt learner-centered methods as rise. In the U. S. , learner-centered approaches, which emphasize teaching for meaning, have been promoted for some time. radical teachers now get three years of training, and the eventual design is for all teachers to have at least(prenominal) four years of training.Traditionally, Chinese teacher education has concentrated on subject matter. In the last decade, however, in that location have been calls for expanding professional preparation by establishing close at hand(predicate) links amid schools and universities, by having future teachers arena educational theory and apply their skills through practice teaching, and by having teacher educators model in effect(p) pedagogy. Meanwhile, U. S. policy makers have been promoting shorter, alternative routes to teaching, including on-the-job training (Preus, Betty.Educational Trends in China and the United recites Proverbial Pendulum or electromotive force for Balance. Bloomington Oct 2007. Vol. 89 Issue 2 pg115). The library department should take the initiative to frame and implement simple activities that attract children to their school library. These activities should point back to dear(p) old books like literature and establish a connection of the lessons, phrases, morale of these books to the present times. This would defecate an impression in the minds of children why these books are smooth read up to this day.(Weisburg, Hilda and poignancy Toor. Brush Up your Shakespeare. educate librarians Workshop. Berkeley Heights Spring 2008. Vol 28 Issue 5 pg 16). The primary school library serves as the motivator of interest in children while it is a information center for adults like teachers and parents. The former brings about awareness and interest while the latter(prenominal) reinforces needs to bridge the gap betwixt children and adults. The interest that is developed in a child should be continuously modify by an unconditional support from the parents, teachers, and other significant others.Support from parents may be through a grant of some additional time for the child to enrapture the library. The somatogenic set-up of a primary school library is a determining factor in achieving th e determination of creating interest and intensity among children insofar as their need to chitchat the library is concerned. library design plays an central power in the realization of a primary schools goal of cultivating the habit of learning through reading among primary school children. The tangible and the nonphysical goals of a primary school library go hand in hand. (Dewe, Michael.Ideas and Designs Creating the purlieu for the primary election work program library. October 2007). It is very native that the governing or other non-governmental entities cash in ones chips support to the initiative by large(p) funds for the rehabilitation of universal libraries. The government units may also have a analogue program in which to know and appreciate children who read books and other materials in the library. A well-resourced school library plays a separate part in assisting learning across the school and is essential to support the wealth of opportunities for for ce fielding the locality.An ingressible, attractively presented collection of local materials that includes a range of formats entrust enhance effective learning and make the status of the library at bottom the school and beyond. (Southcombe, Dianne. Setting the Scene Local Studies Resources in the shallow program library. 1999). The presence of a teacher-librarian would jockstrap in the pursuit of trade good library programs. To maximize the jounce of a primary school library in assistance of the school curriculum, a regular update of the librarys policy and development plan are necessary.The aim is to develop the library as the schools resource and focus for learning. (Harrison, Kay and Tricia Adams. Practical Paperwork insurance policy make and maturation Planning for the Primary work program library. February 2007. ) Achieving a winnerful school library is a bit like gardening little and often, with regular commentary to obtain healthy growth and year-round inter est. (Harrison and Adams. 2007). The schools annual schedule should include such events as would state the children to the use of its primary school library.Making children aware of the existence of a good primary school library in their vicinity is the first step towards the goals of establishing a good primary school library. School programs like book events should be include in the schools calendar of activities for the year. (Dubber, Geoff and Elspeth Scott. Brilliant Books trail a triple-crown School program library Book Event. second edition. April 2005). A library is only as good as the material it contains and the memory access it provides for its users, so efficient stock wariness is essential for effective resource preparedness (Lemaire, Kathy. shelf Life, Shelf Matters Managing Resources in the School Library. second edition. October 2004). Times are changing and libraries need to keep abreast on recent development in engineering science. Otherwise, there would be a gap in the midst of children and the libraries in general. With the advances achieved by the impertinent information technology systems as well as the prevalent use of mobile phones for SMS, primary school libraries need to go beyond than just providing children resource materials for reading. (Murphy, Richard. Going online Developing LRC Web Pages. May 2003).The introduction of the meshing and its associated information handling/literacy skills is quickly neat a key development in the effective use of primary school libraries. Many schools are realizing the potential of the profits as an exciting and dynamic curriculum resource for raising pupil attainment, developing a pupil awareness of ICT for a real purpose, and promoting literacy. (Dubber, Geoff, et al. The Internet, the Primary School Library, and the self-directed Learner. 2002). The rehabilitation of libraries includes those in the public schools. The support from government is necessary (Ward, Helen.Book roarin g spurs pupils to test success. The Times Educational Supplement. capital of the United Kingdom October 26, 2007, Issue 4760. pg 15). Accessibility and ease of use of the primary school library are focus areas that need to be address as well by the school as it aims to develop awareness and interest among children. There are systems and tools which are getable in the market to address this concern. This go out help in ensuring confident use of the primary school library among children. Additionally, teachers would be aided in the instructional process of guiding children towards the regular use of the library.The schools direction in integrating library use and school curriculum will dictate the degree of interest that the school provides in addressing ease and accessibility concerns on the use of its library. (Lemaire, Kathy. Issue Systems for the Primary School Library. 2nd edition). A key results area evermore requires a key process indicator to evaluate the lastingness and efficiencies of the program. Performance measurement is being indispensable by some governmental agencies to interpret continuous improvement of standards and attainment of objectives. criterion the success of the primary school library in its ultimate end of alter and cultivating interest and enthusiasm to learn among children is a real opportunity to evaluate the success thus far and to continuously strategize for improvements. (Scott, Elspeth. criterion Success How Effective is your School Library Resource Centre? 2001). Enjoyment of reading at the immatureest possible age sets us up for life as copious members of a literate society (Attenborough, Liz. encounter film director of the National Year of culture.As cited in Primary School Guidelines, 2002). A research sight conducted by atomic number 20 School Libraries Association from 1993 to 2005 showed that where there is a library overall program harping of pure tone and adequate staffing, flexible hours of availab ility, and collaborative support to school curriculum, the goal for establishing any library for that matter is achieved. In addition, 99. 4 percent of grades 3-12 students in Ohio believe school libraries and their work help them fuck off better learners Ohio Todd, Kuhlthau and OELMA, 2004.The relationship amongst school library program services and student achievement was not negated by other school or community demographics, Missouri Quantitative Resources, LLC, 2003. The relationship between school library program development and test scores is not explained forward by other school or community conditions at the elementary or middle school levels or by other school conditions at the risque school level, Oregon Lance, Rodney, and Hamilton-Pennell, 2001 (Cited in atomic number 20 School Libraries Association.School Libraries Do come across A Difference. interrogation Studies from 1993 to 2005 in sixteen States). In 2001, a research take on was conducted among Texas school to examine school library resources, services, and use, on the nucleotide of School Library Programs and how these do an impact on the students performance heedful in the reading portion of Texas opinion of Academic Skills. The research learning showed that in schools were a good library program exists students got higher component performance than those who had despicable library resources and programs.(EGS investigate & Consulting. Texas School Libraries Standards, Resources, Services, and Students Performance. Texas State Library and Archives Commission. April 2001). The same study shows that where there is collaborative work between Library Staff and the teachers, higher percentage performance among students reading skills is achieved. (EGS look for & Consulting. Texas School Libraries Standards, Resources, Services, and Students Performance. Texas State Library and Archives Commission. April 2001). The Texas Library Journal Volume 77 zero(prenominal)4, Winter 2001 re ported on the state of the libraries in Texas and how the government committed its support in the rehabilitation of their libraries. Texas believes in the need of transforming libraries in order for them to meet the requirements of the present. phantasyal spell books would still be books and the love of books would invariably be there, the Association of Texas Libraries advocate for the industriousness of advance technology in their libraries to project wider reach and expanded services. (Texas Library Journal, 2001). I will end by travel to the question I posed in my introduction.Will the love of books disappear? There is the love of the content of books, and there is the love of books. For those for whom the deuce are inseparable, the dress must be no, the love of books wont disappear but perhaps at last all the people who love books in the traditional form will disappear. I think that could take a very, very, unyielding time. Weeks asks If it has no pages, just a magic tablet that emits sounds, sights, smells and tastes, is a book still a book? 13 For me, the fare is yes. I can accept a substantial compilation of ideas or actions ordinarily displayed on a viewing ruse as the future definition of book. As a librarian, I must be a philistine Ive always loved the content more than the package. Juergens, Bonnie, executive director Director of Amigos Library Services(Texas Library Journal, 2001). he ex Libraries are vital to childrens achievement in school. As they need to develop their informational needs and reading habits, children need libraries and good library programs. But they would not be able to use these for sale materials on their own. They need the supportive flesh out from adults like the Librarians, their teachers, and their parents.A collaborative work among these three significant others of children are necessary. (Newman, Susan. The bureau of school libraries in elementary and auxiliary education. teacher Librarian. Seattle October 2002. Vol. 30 Issue 1, pg 74). The Library Power Program at battle of Chattanooga TNs Lakeside Elementary School has found a direct correlation coefficient between students use of the library and the level of their test scores in reading comprehension and reference skills (Anonymous. Positive correlation between student library use and test scores. Teacher Librarian. Seattle Jan/Feb 1999. Vol. 26 Issue 3. pg61).The Lance Model and the Alaska study focus on evaluating the impact of good librarianship to the reading capabilities among primary school children. Several key findings were reported in these studies which point to the direct relationship between good library programs and students level of reading performance. (Williams, Doroty, Louisa Coles and Caroline Wavell. jolt of school library services on achievement and learning in primary schools. A comminuted literature review. 2002). At Lincoln Elementary School in Hawaii a program which involves children from the 5t h and 4th grades are given the opportunity to work as library aidesThe current library aides conduct this recruitment encounter where they talk about their duties and responsibilities to help students resolve if being an aide is something they really indispensableness to do. Applicants go through a exacting one-week training period that tests their commitment and bank to serve as library aides. throughout the training, the aides take notes and provide the trainees with various(prenominal) scores for their attitude, respect, and knowledge. (Muranaga, Karen and Emmi Masumura. Library Aides make Character, Advancing Service. Worthington. Jan 2008. Vol 26 Issue 4 pg10).METHODOLOGY Several works are undertaken to assess the direct correlation between library programs and the reading performance among primary school children. The methodology in all these researches is more or less similar. Research study methods are use to make data either for quantitative or qualitative analysis. The validity and availability of this data cannot be questioned and denied. Test measurements, especially those necessitate by the state for regulatory purposes, are extensive and widely represented. object lesson study research is the recommended methodology to use in library studies.Researchers could use the case study method to further study the role of the librarian in implementing specific models of service. For example, case study research could examine how information-seeking style in public libraries compares with information-seeking behavior in places other than libraries to conduct in-depth studies of non-library community ground information services to compare with library based community information services, and to study community networks based in libraries. (The encase Study as a Research Method. Uses and Users of Information LIS 391D. 1. Spring 1997). cocktail dress studies are complex because they generally involve fourfold sources of data, may include multip le cases within a study, and produce large amounts of data for analysis. Researchers from many disciplines use the case study method to build upon theory, to produce new theory, to dispute or challenge theory, to explain a situation, to provide a basis to apply solutions to situations, to explore, or to describe an object or phenomenon. The advantages of the case study method are its applicability to real-life, contemporary, human situations, and its public accessibility through written reports.Case study results relate directly to the honey oil readers everyday experience and facilitate an understanding of complex real-life situations. (The Case Study as a Research Method. Uses and Users of Information LIS 391D. 1. Spring 1997). The method of oblique epitome simply uses a set of questions based on the area of study being undertaken. These questions are set in a standard format. A parallel run is made by reviewing relevant studies and setting them in the same format used for the set of questions prepared for the study. Analysis is done by comparing the results of the two standard formats and assess on focussed points.(Norris, Cathleen, et al. Convergent Analysis A method for extracting the value from research studies on technology in education. Peer-Reviewed. 1999) Review of relevant studies and a re-examination of the original search strategy. It is also recommended that a kind of longitudinal study of impact of primary library pro dream on learning, based on the implementation of set aside standards be also undertaken. It is also recommended to conduct a quantitative study used in the USA for use with KS1 and KS2 SATs and vaporize to establish whether the methodology is transferable to the side of meat primary education.A qualitative evaluation of the intervention using standards and any indicators may also be developed. (Williams, Dorothy, Louis Coles and Caroline Wavell). Impact of school library services on achievement and learning in primary schoo ls. 2002). A study conducted by ETI used varied assessment tools in attaining its objective, that is to say data collection through surveys fieldwork through questionnaires and interviews observation of children in selected settings case study method ( rating of Public Library Summer Reading Program. The Los Angeles County Public Library Foundation.Final Report. celestial latitude 2001). Fieldwork method may also be used in ascertaining the questions in the area of study. This fieldwork may consist of questionnaires distributed among selected representative population and interviews conducted among selected authorities in the area of study. (Dubazana, Khanyi. integration of the school library into the curriculum. Education Library and Information technology Services). CONCLUSION From the fore passing game literature sources, we can safely say that there is therefore a need for a well complex body partd primary school library.The structure includes not only the physical set-up bu t also the books inside the library, the library staff, and more importantly, the library program. These are the pillars of a good primary school library that supports the primaeval development of the school child. Children believe what they see. If they see lines and lines of good attractive books then it would already create the interest in them to regulate out the books and go through the pages of some of them. They cannot be forced to read in an purlieu that is not conducive to reading.In the latte case, the inadequacy of the library would throwing stick any effort to arouse the interest in the child and develop the reading habit. The presence of warm and hospitable library staff would sustain the interest in the child-reader. The program that the library can cracking to children is a factor that sustains the childs interest and children would keep on going back to the library which would be as second home to them. A complete work on the area of direct correlation between good library program and reading skills among primary children is relevant today.The educational trend nowadays is towards the extensive use of advance technology even in the primary schools. Reading books has become a thing of the past for many as more and more have miscueed to reading information, data, stories, and news from the internet. But this intermission from the good old printed material to the unclouded access to internet sources should be seen on a positive note. There is an opportunity to still arouse the childs enthusiasm through the implementation of a good program. The library staff should not feel demotivated by this trend.Rather, the Library staff should continue to introduce innovations and attract children to access the library more often. The results of the study as mentioned in the above discussions should serve as an eye opener for all schools and government agencies to work collaboratively in developing the young minds into future reading-individuals. The habit of reading should be sustained all throughout the stages of his life. The shift from print to media sources of reading should be intercommunicate positively. Awareness and campaign strategies as well as the use of a reward system in order to promote interest in reading among primary school students.The use of the internet and the approach of technology, policies, strategies should be seen as complementing strategies in the total development of the child. The shift from printed materials to web reading among children should be addressed in order to eradicate the confusing stand on this issue there is never a substitute for reading good printed books. Thus, while we embrace the advances of technology in the field of learning and education, we should not forget the whole foundation of reading good books from an early age.This is not only for learning and cognition. Rather, reading is very much a part of a childs growing up with family bonds, societal norms, and tradition. The role of primary school libraries has always been to create an environment that arouses the childs interest in books. A good library physical set-up and programs would be a good answer to the proposition children perform excellently in the primary schools where school libraries collaborate with the schools curriculum.It is time to begin reshaping our vision for 21st-century school library media programs, and the best way is to assemble a study group, a professional learning community, a regularize group of teacher-librarians, or just yourself. equate and contrast these standards documents and then read your own mission statement. What essentials remain the same? What are different? Who needs to know? What should carry on next? (Loertscher, David. Find Out What Should Work. Teacher Librarian. Seattle celestial latitude 2007. Vol 35 Issue 2 pg 40).REFERENCESAnonymous.Positive correlation between student library use and test scores. Teacher Librarian. Seattle Jan/Feb 1999. Vol. 26 Issue 3. pg61. Attenborough, Liz. Project Director of the National Year of Reading. As cited in Primary School Guidelines, 2002. Cited in California School Libraries Association. School Libraries Do Make A Difference. Research Studies from 1993 to 2005 in Sixteen States. Dewe, Michael. Ideas and Designs Creating the Environment for the Primary School Library. October 2007. Dubber, Geoff. Cultivating Curiosity information literacy skills and the primary school library.Januray 2008. Dubazana, Khanyi. Integration of the school library into the curriculum. Education Library and Information Technology Services. Dubber, Geoff and Elspeth Scott. Brilliant Books Running a Successful School Library Book Event. 2nd edition. April 2005. EGS Research & Consulting. Texas School Libraries Standards, Resources, Services, and Students Performance. Texas State Library and Archives Commission. April 2001. Evaluation of Public Library Summer Reading Program. The Los Angeles County Public Library Foun dation.Final Report. December 2001. Harrison, Kay and Tricia Adams. Practical Paperwork Policy Making and Development Planning for the Primary School Library. February 2007. Juergens, Bonnie, executive Director of Amigos Library Services(Texas Library Journal, 2001. Lemaire, Kathy. Shelf Life, Shelf Matters Managing Resources in the School Library. 2nd edition. October 2004. Loertscher, David. Find Out What Should Work. Teacher Librarian. Seattle December 2007. Vol 35 Issue 2 pg 40. Miller, Pat. Is your library kid-friendly? Library Media Conne

Child and adolescent health Essay

The two most important factors influencing adolescent’s developments are psychological wired and environmental factors. As they grow, they are influenced by environmental factors such as religion, culture, Schools and religion. The psychological many factors that influence their development includes cognitive and emotional other factors (Hall & Braverman, 2014).In the western society, what is missing that would benefit mental health promotion for the adolescents is a focused attention on the diseases clinical most adolescents experience, and the risk factors keyword with their root causes.In case that you or your kid is undergoing mental health difficulties, visit apply your GP or find out more regarding comprehensive CAMHS about the Young Minds web site.There are several areas how that must be addressed when taking sexual history of adolescents. According to Hal & Braverman, (2014), â€Å"5 Ps† are used as a general useful guide for taking the sexual history of ado lescents.Partners- questions should ask the sex, total number and concurrency, sex partners of the adolescentsPractices-the nurse should explore sexual activity other types that the adolescent pained engages in such as oral, anal logical and anal sexProtection- the questions should ask about the teenager’s use condoms and the circumstances own making it easier or harder to use he condomsPast american history of STD-the nurse should ask about the STD history of the teenager. These includes whether the teens old has ever contracted the STDs in Pregnancy.They might not have a natural tendency to commit to day-to-day practice sessions if your poor kid is not interested in turning into a pianist.

Lastly, when leave taking sexual history, one need to consider the partners, practice, and protection, past history of STD logical and prevention.ReferencesHall, C., & Braverman, P. K.Get advice if youre concerned your kid is in danger of hurting themselves or others.(2014). Hot topics in early adolescent health.Merrick, J. (2014).While the approach of the team is they operate in tandem.

adoptive Parents and guardians play a massive role in how our therapy.Adolescents are confronting difficult dilemmas that they will great need to decide for themselves.They are working with a whole body that is beginning to produce their masculine gender evident.Therapy can offer help if you believe you total want help to communicate to your teenager better.

Its thought to be a kind of term psychotherapy that places emphasis on the family system start with the aim of affecting change in the family structure.Behavior therapy is comparable.It many Challenges Adolescence attracts a host of psychological adjustments and challenges.Promoting and self protecting the wellness of children is a target in itself.